2013年8月28日 星期三

McDonald's Mighty Wings/ Wings Demand in States

McDonald's Mighty Wings headed to a menu near you: What are they? 

 McDonald's new Mighty Wings

McDonald's will begin rolling out its new Mighty Wings at locations nationwide Sept. 9. (Chicago Tribune ) 

 

McDonald's has decided to take its Mighty Wings national, just in time for football season. The fast-food giant's version of party wings is headed to a McDonald's near you Sept. 9.
McDonald's tested the wings at locations in Chicago and Atlanta before deciding to roll them out nationwide.

With a name like Mighty Wings, you'd expect the wings to be served with a cape, or at least a side of superheroes. In reality, though, they're just bone-in chicken drumettes and wings.

ref: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poultry

The Mighty Wings come in orders of three, five and 10 pieces with a choice of nine sauces.

 You can dip them in Creamy Ranch, Honey, Barbecue, Hot Mustard, Honey Mustard, Chipotle Barbecue, Sweet Chili, Sweet 'N Sour or Spicy Buffalo.

The price for an order of wings will start at $2.99. The fast-food chain will have the wings at all locations nationwide by Sept. 24, but they won't last forever. The new item will only be available until the end of November.

The chicken wings are just the latest in a slew of new products McDonald's has rolled out in the last year. They include the premium chicken McWraps, egg white Delight McMuffins and blueberry pomegranate smoothies.

Are you planning on giving the new Mighty Wings a try, cape or no cape? 

ALSO:
This is what we ate last week. What about you?
Easy dinner recipes: Hearty vegetables for Meatless Monday
Chef of the Moment: Flores' Angela Hernandez and Rob

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As farmers raise fewer—but bigger—chickens, chicken-wing supply is getting tighter, forcing restaurants to look ways of stretching their supply on Super Bowl Sunday.
A plate of Buffalo chicken wings at the Bellevue Tavern in Cape May Court House, N.J.
Associated Press
One of the smallest parts of the bird is becoming one big problem for restaurants.
As farmers raise fewer—but bigger—chickens, chicken-wing supply is getting tighter, forcing restaurants to look at frozen wings, boneless wings and other ways of stretching their chicken supply to still make money on Super Bowl Sunday.
“Wings are always going to be popular…but the days of giving them away are over,” said Bruce Reinstein, a restaurant consultant at Consolidated Concepts, who works food-service providers such as Chevys and Houlihan’s. “It’s not like you can produce a chicken with four wings,” he said.
This weekend alone, the National Chicken Council says 1.23 billion wing segments—the drumettes and that other flat piece—will be consumed at restaurants and Super Bowl parties. Meanwhile, wing prices have surged 14% over past year.
While restaurants are raising menu prices, the tough economy limits their pricing power when it comes to what generally is considered an inexpensive dish. If prices got too high, consumers might trade down to pasta, said Heather Jones, an analyst with BB&T Capital Markets.
Sysco Corp., one of the nation’s biggest suppliers of food to restaurants, said it has seen an increase of about 18% to 20% in wing orders from retailers this Super Bowl season, compared with 2012. “Generally speaking, wings have become poultry’s hottest commodity, and we’re seeing all-time highs in demands and pricing as a result,” said Charley Wilson, a spokesman for Sysco.
Last summer’s drought caused an increase in the price of chicken feed, leading farmers to decrease their flock sizes and raise bigger chickens instead. Farmers sell meat by the pound, so one six-pound chicken is worth the same as two three-pound ones to them.
Bigger chickens yield more breast meat and larger thighs, keeping retail prices relatively steady for most parts of the bird. But not for wings.
When wing prices were cooler, “There was not too much forward-buying by retailers,” said Bill Roenigk, chief economist with the National Chicken Council, an industry-trade organization. “This year, looking at wing prices in the fall, retailers and suppliers at chicken companies could see this tightness of supplies coming…and retailers have gotten a little more adroit,” in their negotiations with suppliers.
The supply of frozen wings nationwide was up 68.4% as of the end of 2012, from the prior year, he noted. Frozen wings are cheaper because consumers generally don’t love the idea of eating non-fresh meat at a restaurant.
Sysco said it has been successfully promoting boneless wings as a “cost-effective alternative” to traditional wings. “And diners like them,” Mr. Wilson said. Boneless wings aren’t only cheaper, they can be used in other menu items like Caesar salad.
Buffalo Wild Wings Inc. is playing down its signature dish in its marketing, and is changing how it serves wings to offset the costs.
“Our restaurants have transitioned to larger size wings in response to the continuing shift in the poultry industry to larger bird production,” Chief Executive Sally Smith said on a conference call in October.
Buffalo Wild Wings said that in the first two months of the fourth quarter, its traditional wings cost an average of $2.07 a pound compared with the average fourth-quarter price in 2011 of $1.42—marking a 46% increase. But for boneless wings, the chain has long-term contracts going all the way through March 2014, alleviating cost pressures.
Buffalo Wild Wings began testing a new menu last fall, which it plans to roll out nationwide in the first half of this year. It offers vague order sizes for wings, such as “snack size,” instead of specific wing counts.
“Our goal is to recoup some of the lost margin…by moving to the flexible portions,” Ms. Smith said.
Buffalo Wild Wings doesn’t expect customers to mind, since they are getting more meat. “The good news is I don’t think the chickens can get any bigger,” Ms. Smith said.
Sanderson Farms Inc., the nation’s fourth-largest poultry producer, says it ran into that problem. It had to keep slaughterhouses running on Saturdays in order to kill chickens at a younger, lighter stage, because “They were too big for our plants to run and too big for our customers, frankly,” Chief Executive Joe Sanderson said on the company’s latest conference call.
While Buffalo Wild Wings highlighted burgers on their menu last month, some restaurants might promote dishes made with other parts of the bird, such as the thigh, or even market wings as “jumbo-sized,” so they could charge more, Mr. Reinstein said.
Domino’s, though known for its pizza, has also made wings a big part of its menu. But since cheese is cheaper right now, Domino’s is able to offset the cost impact.
“You’ve got bigger wings across industry than you used to, but our customers expect wings by the count, so we’re going to stick with that, and hope it evens out in the end,” Domino’s Chief Executive Patrick Doyle said.

 

2013年8月26日 星期一

迷思:天然酵母麵包比較健康?

迷思:天然酵母麵包比較健康?


標榜「使用天然酵母」製作麵包,胖達人曾在國內掀起一波搶購潮。不過,愈來愈多烘焙店家宣稱天然酵母,消費者該如何分辨真偽?
根據《康健雜誌》報導指出,天然酵母並不是什麼昂貴的東西,而是透過水果、蔬菜等素材,引誘空氣中的酵母來居住,進而培養可做麵包的酵母。但用天然酵母製作麵包相對耗工,因此由工廠大量繁殖的商業酵母(bakers yeast)便逐漸取代之。
標榜天然酵母的麵包店越來越多,但台灣目前並無政策規範,天然酵母的定義模糊,很容易淪為業者的文字遊戲。業界人士也透露,部份標榜天然酵母的麵包店,仍會使用新鮮酵母,或是將天然酵母和商業酵母混合,以應龐大的產能需求。
如何分辨天然酵母麵包?《康健雜誌》指出,天然酵母含有醋酸菌,麵包吃起來會有淡淡的酸味。組織比較密實、耐咀嚼,麵包一壓會彈回來,麵包切面氣孔分布也較不均勻。此外,天然酵母的麵包,應該要有相當的重量,如果麵包體積大卻很輕,可能是使用商業酵母為主。
更多天然酵母麵包的迷思,可前往此文了解更多「天然酵母麵包真的尚好嗎?



「天然酵母其實存在於你我周圍,特別是水果表皮。」 烘焙資歷超過30年,台北城市科技大學餐飲管理系助理教授謝煒貞告訴我。
原來所謂的天然酵母(natural yeast),並不是什麼昂貴的東西,而是人類透過像水果、蔬菜與穀物等介質,引誘附著在介質及空氣中的酵母來居住,進而培養成可做成麵包的酵種,等於是免費的酵母。
其實,早在五千多年前,埃及人就發現麵粉混合水,放置一段時間,會逐漸膨脹,烤後更有膨鬆感,口感獨特且美味,這是天然酵母的最早記載。

當時並沒有添加物的發明,做麵包最基本的原料就是水、麵粉、鹽與酵母種,發酵時間偏長,外觀渾厚樸實,現在的業界稱為工匠麵包(Artisan bread),如果使用長時間發酵,口感偏酸,即所謂酸老麵麵包(sourdough bread)。
一般而言,酵母的功能,在於產生氣體使麵糰膨脹。不過天然酵母屬於複合微生物群,菌種品質良莠不齊,產氣性差異也大,麵包成品也不穩。
此外,長時間發酵為天然酵母麵包的特色,發酵完成約16~18小時就該進入烤箱,否則會發酵過度,風味、外觀會變差,因此也考驗師傅的功力,謝煒貞表示。
商業酵母功不可沒
天然酵母過程耗工,不過在1860年代,商業酵母(bakers yeast)誕生,由工廠篩選與培育出優良的酵母菌,大量繁殖後,依水分含量與加工方式不同,分為新鮮酵母(fresh yeast)、快發乾酵母(instant dry yeast)等形式販售。
商業酵母逐漸取代天然酵母,成為主流烘焙業必備材料。美國市場研究機構BCC Research的數據顯示,2009年全球商業酵母市值,已高達9.04億美元(約270億台幣)。
不但產氣力佳、品質均一,商業酵母更縮短烘焙業的工時,從發酵到烤焙完成,最快只要一個小時。
中華穀研所烘焙食品訓練推廣組組長李敬思表示,單就菌種而言,商業酵母屬於單一菌種,功能只有產生氣體,使麵糰能快速發酵,增加體積。
而天然酵母為複合微生物群,發酵時除了氣體,還有相當分量的乳酸菌與醋酸菌,能作用糖類產生乳酸與醋酸等,形成獨特風味。
但是讓腸胃舒服的真正原因,應在於發酵的時間長短,或烤焙時間是否充足。
李敬思指出,在快速的麵包製程中,為了講究效率,發酵時間過短,澱粉水合作用不完全,烤好後也許不易分辨,但常一壓就扁掉,且極容易老化,需要乳化劑、防腐劑等人工添加物來延長賞味期與增添風味。
而天然酵母麵包,由於發酵時間必須長,因此水和澱粉結合較為均勻,酵素作用充足,麵糰裡蛋白質與澱粉等較不好消化的物質,酵母幫我們先「消化掉了」,因而吃起來較無負擔。
至於坊間傳言天然酵母含有益生菌,為促進消化的原因,李敬思認為,國內法規對於益生菌有嚴格的定義,業者需小心求證後謹慎標示,而且目前也沒有研究可以證實這個說法。


天然、不天然?各說各話
有些標榜天然酵母的麵包店,人氣旺到不停開分店。我不禁好奇,既然天然酵母的培養與發酵,耗時又費工,面對這麼多的人潮,業者怎麼還能從容應付?
問過幾位業界資深的專家後,我發現目前台灣並無政策規範,「天然酵母」的定義模糊,具有寬廣的想像空間,很容易淪為文字遊戲。
專業麵包店常使用的新鮮酵母,為一種需冷藏、發酵快速的的酵母商品,雖然屬於商業酵母的一種,但包裝上仍寫著「天然酵母」。
業界人士透露,部份標榜天然酵母的麵包店,仍會使用新鮮酵母,或是將天然酵母和商業酵母混合,以應龐大的產能需求。
不過,李敬思認為,過度強調酵母的天然與否,其實意義不大。商業酵母也來自天然,只是經過微生物技術來培養與繁殖,每一家的菌種不盡相同,但商業酵母並非合成物質。
只是國內烘焙業仍爭辯不休。有一派堅持百分百純天然酵母,才能稱為天然酵母麵包,甚至應將其正名成「野生」或「自養」酵母,代表從菌汁開始培養。
但也有人認為,儘管需要商業酵母的輔助,只要加了一點天然酵母,也能冠上其名。
「許多烘焙業的老匠,商業酵母用習慣了,其實很難接受純天然酵母。」多年前即開始養酵母來做麵包的黃信智師傅說。反而不少外行人會願意嘗試,遵循最古老的麵包製程。


從更宏觀的角度來看,純天然酵母麵包的製程冗長,適量添加商業酵母,可以規律化麵包的製程,讓業者正常運作,這個情形在國外其實很常見,國外甚至有制定含量標準,例如法國就有規定含量。
辨別好麵包,注意三個特色
當商業與天然酵母之爭尚無結論時,消費者要如何挑選真正優良的天然酵母麵包?專家表示,可以參考風味、組織與彈性。
天然酵母含有醋酸菌,會讓麵包有種淡淡的酸味。組織相對密實,氣孔分布不均勻。而且應具有彈性且略帶透明、耐咀嚼的結構,一壓會彈回來。表皮也有一定脆度。
此外,天然酵母的麵包,應該要有相當的重量,如果麵包體積大卻很輕,可能是使用商業酵母為主,黃信智師傅表示。

而由於天然酵母麵糰偏酸,黴菌不易孳生,因此在室溫下的保存也比較久,並不需要添加防腐劑。
烘焙界資深達人謝煒貞老師提醒,「不要一看到『天然』兩個字,就以為什麼都沒加,」天然酵母麵包也有可能會添加各種口味的香精,例如芋頭、紅茶、芒果香精等,長期食用會造成人體負擔。


聰明選麵包,不把添加物吃下肚

為了保存、風味或色澤,台灣廠商使用添加物的情形非常普遍。愛吃麵包的消費者,以下三招可避免吃下過多添加物:
1、觀察香氣、保存期限:一般麵包隔一夜再吃,是可以接受的範圍;保存期限較久的麵包,可能就含較多防腐劑,如果麵包聞起來味道比較濃郁,就要小心有添加物,因此香氣也可作為判斷標準。
2、避免加工過度的麵包:添加物如化學香料、人工色素等,不見得完全能看出來或聞出來,建議盡量選擇簡單、不繁複的麵包。
3.含餡料的麵包較可能有添加物,如紅豆,為了大量產製,會加入防腐劑。
愛吃麵包、又怕添加物的讀者,也可參考此篇「聰明選麵包,吃出健康




 三芝私人莊園裡,退休的陳老師拿起大剷子,從高溫的石窯拿出麵包,頓時香氣四溢。
他愛吃麵包,但太太吃外面的麵包,總會漲氣;三年前,他花了十幾萬,買下國外技師來台建造的石窯,自己產製健康麵包。
他培養天然野生酵母,用石磨研磨進口有機小麥,兩者混合後花八到十小時發酵,做成酸老麵糰,再送進石窯烘烤。石窯的熱穿透力好,且受熱均勻,烤出來皮脆肉軟,還能保持麵包的水分。
除了可口,他的麵包還有一般麵包沒有的乳酸與醋酸菌,吃來有點像優格,能夠順腸胃;加上製作時保留小麥外層的麩皮和胚芽,長時間低溫發酵後,麩皮與胚芽的維生素、礦物質也釋放出來。麥麩中還有可溶與不可溶性纖維,長時間軟化後,可以幫助消化。
健康麵包正流行
「朋友常笑我為了喝牛奶養了一頭牛,」他笑說。
像陳老師這樣,把麵包吃出健康,已成了一種風潮。不少業者開始改進做法,推翻過往麵包給人不健康的印象。
像岩島成推出低油、低鹽、低糖的麵包,甚至是代糖麵包;全家今年也推「超健康」系列,推出五穀麵包。
一般消費者也許沒有陳老師的時間與精神,但依舊可以仔細選擇,吃出健康:
一、選擇大麥與燕麥麵包

麵包可以是很好的營養來源。
輔大食品科學系教授陳炳輝解釋,麵包中澱粉佔了五三%,澱粉一克可以提供四大卡的熱量,人一天的熱量來源有五五%要來自碳水化合物,因此麵包是很好的熱量來源。
中華穀類食品工業研究所所長盧訓表示,市面上賣的全麥麵包,許多是連麩皮一起磨製,或者把麩皮加入磨好的麵粉裡,麩皮裡面含有較多維生素、礦物質與纖維。或者也可以加入大麥、燕麥等多穀類,增加營養價值。
二、避免加工過度的麵包

一般人吃麵包,最擔心發胖。
臺安醫院預防醫學部營養師余依晏表示,一般中型麵包的熱量從兩百至五百大卡,普通便當的熱量約在五百至八百大卡。因此中型麵包的熱量可能就等於一個便當了。
她建議,如果到便利商店買麵包,多半都有油脂標示,人一天適當的油脂攝取量是十五到三十克,有些如奶酥菠蘿麵包,油脂可能就已經二十五克。
如果去一般麵包店,沒有標示時,可避免含較甜或較油餡料的麵包。
熱量之外,添加物是另一個危機。盧訓指出,為了保存、風味或色澤,台灣廠商使用添加物的情形太過普遍。有時單一原料雖然在添加物使用標準內,但加工後含多種原料的產品,可能就超過標準。
余依晏建議,一般麵包隔一夜再吃,是可以接受的範圍;保存期限較久的麵包,可能就含較多防腐劑,有時化學香料的味道比較濃郁,也可作為判斷標準。